The Impact of Soci‐economic and Cultural Factors on Refugee Households' Food Insecurity: a Snapshot of the Food security Status of Afghan Refugees in Switzerland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Objectives Despite the efforts of international institutions and host countries, refugees struggle to meet their basic needs throughout their displacement. Among all needs, food is one of the basics of livelihood. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the prevalence of household food insecurity of the Afghan asylum‐seekers, and identify the barriers and facilitators toward their food security. Methodology 25 residents of a refugee camp, and 4 key informants participated in the study. We used a mixed methods design to allow triangulation for more reliability and credibility. Within the quantitative section of the study, a standard tool from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) food security questionnaire are used. To address the second objective we conducted a series of in‐depth interviews with semi‐structured questions. Results We found severe food insecurity exists among families due to economic and cultural barriers. More than 74% of the adults, and 72% of the children are food insecure. Cultural differences, unemployment, lack of social interaction, language barriers, were indicated as the main post migration challenges. Financial struggle, lack of access to culturally accepted food, and lack of knowledge in food utilization came up as the main themes in food security related interview questions. Emerging common themes from both the family in‐depth, and key informant interviews showed lack of information and resources associated with health services and food literacy, cross cultural training, and food utilization skills. Conclusion As a result identifying the responsible organization in the area, and further assistant and support in providing orientation, nutritional workshops, assimilation to life in Switzerland, and cross cultural training may help to improve the food security status of the asylum‐seekers. Our findings warrant further investigation in a representative sample of asylum‐seekers in Switzerland to determine the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors, and to clarify the role of stakeholders who are involved in providing services, as well as the level of coordination and collaboration among them. Support or Funding Information Funding for this project is provided by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) under the initiative of Culture, Migration, and Food Security (CMF) international research group.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".