Relationships between the geomechanical parameters and Archie’s coefficients of fractured carbonate reservoirs: a new insight
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite holding a significant proportion of the known hydrocarbon reserves by the carbonates, enough studies have not been conducted to understand their geomechanical parameters and their predictability, especially in Iran. The present paper introduces a novel approach for obtaining geomechanical parameters of carbonate rocks through investigating the relationship between geomechanical parameters and Archie’s coefficients in one of the Iranian fractured carbonate reservoirs. The geomechanical parameters here included Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, and shear modulus, while Archie’s coefficients were the cementation factor and formation resistivity factor. For this purpose, 14 representative limestone core plugs were chosen and Archie’s coefficients were determined and the effect of increasing confining pressure on these parameters was investigated. Then, through numerical simulations using Particle Flow Code (PFC3D), the geomechanical parameters of the reservoir, including Young’s modulus (E), (dynamic and static), bulk and shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio were obtained. The numerical results were verified by the laboratory tests and wireline logs’ data and showed a satisfying matching. Finally, the empirical relations between geomechanical parameters and Archie’s coefficients were determined for the target reservoir. According to the obtained results, the average correlation between Young’s modulus and both the cementation factor and formation resistivity factor was about 95%, which is a satisfying accuracy. As expected, shear modulus and bulk modulus had a stronger relationship with E being respectively about 99% and 98%. Moreover, lab-measured porosity and Young’s modulus had a correlation coefficient of about 95%. The obtained results of the present study provide new insights into the simultaneous evolution of the reservoir’s mechanical and petrophysical characteristics.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it