Environmental influences on uptake kinetics and partitioning of strontium in age-0 lake sturgeon (<i>Acipenser fulvescens</i>): effects of temperature and ambient calcium activities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nonessential elements like Sr2+ are incorporated via Ca2+ transport proteins due to their similar chemical properties and are substituted for Ca2+ in hard structures of fishes. Few studies have investigated the uptake kinetics of nonessential elements or the effect the ambient environment has on uptake rates. We tested the hypothesis that temperature and environmental Ca2+ activity would influence uptake and subsequent deposition rates of Sr2+ in the fin rays of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens). Michaelis–Menten substrate inhibition models were used to measure the kinetics of Sr2+ uptake on lake sturgeon larvae that were exposed to varying temperature and Ca2+ activities. Sr2+ influx increased at higher temperatures (maximum JmaxSr = 56.5 pmol·g−1·h−1) and decreased when larvae were exposed to increasing activities of Ca2+ (minimum JmaxSr = 6.4 pmol·g−1·h−1), indicating Ca2+ has an inhibitory effect on Sr2+ influx. Furthermore, Sr2+ was preferentially accumulated in fin rays and partitioning was significantly affected by temperature and Ca2+ activity, providing, for the first time, an understanding of the underlying physiological mechanisms involved in elemental uptake and deposition of nonessential metals in sturgeons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".