The Role of Carbon Electrodes Pore Size Distribution on the Formation of the Cathode–Electrolyte Interphase in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The use of sulfur is advantageous in next generation lithium batteries replacing scarce metals and leading to enhanced specific energy compared to established energy storage devices. Herein, the utilization of microporous ( d <2 nm) carbon/sulfur composites using a carbonate‐based electrolyte is studied to obtain more insights into the formation of a solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the cathode surface (cathode‐electrolyte interphase, CEI) in Li‐S cells. The sulfur was confined in model carbide‐derived carbon (CDC) system with uniform micropores as well as in commercial microporous activated carbon materials. The molecular structure of sulfur in the pores is characterized by means of EXAFS spectroscopy. The electrochemical evaluation of confined sulfur cathodes revealed quasi solid‐state transformation mechanism as well as the generation of a protective SEI layer on the cathode surface. This cathode‐electrolyte interphase (CEI) allows common microporous carbon/sulfur cathodes to reversibly cycle in carbonate‐based electrolyte, while mesoporous systems show rapid capacity fade due to permeable CEIs. Based on this result, the influence of the porosity of the porous carbon host materials on the essential cathodic SEI layer formation is discussed for carbonate‐based electrolytes in Li‐S batteries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".