Health related quality of life and its impacts by chronic diseases in urban community population, Shanghai, China in 2015
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This survey aimed to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to explore the relationship between chronic diseases and HRQoL among urban residents in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study of 9 426 adults was conducted in Xuhui District of Shanghai, China in 2015. The EuroQol five-dimension three-level (EQ-5D-3 L) was used to measure HRQoL. The average age of subjects was 55.6 ± 17.4 years and 53% were female. Their mean values of utility and visual analogue scale (VAS) were 0.974 ± 0.099 and 80.00 ± 12.36, respectively, which were above the Chinese norm values. Women had lower scores compared with men. The utility value decreased with age, which accelerated after the age of 55 years. Chronic conditions including diabetes, tumor, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease, were significantly related to HRQoL, and the reported proportions of problems in the five dimensions increased with the number of chronic diseases (p < 0.05). Chronic diseases except for respiratory disease had a negative effect on HRQoL utility value and VAS score after the adjustment for covariates (p < 0.05). Chronic diseases had a negative impact on both EQ-5D-3 L utility and VAS scores, although the health-related quality of life for the study was above the national average.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.024 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".