Natural History of isolated Ventricular Septal Defects in the first two years of life
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the natural history of isolated ventricular septal defects in the first two years of life.Patients and Methods: We prospectively studied a total of 50 infants diagnosed as isolated ventricular septal defect between january2008 -january 2009. Infants aged less than three months, with isolated ventricular septal defects were followed for two years. Infants with Down syndrome, other types of ventricular septal defect and those who had an additional hemodynamic significant heart defects were excluded.Results: A total of 50 infants 30 males vs. 20 females (60% vs. 40%) were followed up for 24 months. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was forty days ±5 days (Range: 1 day- 3.0 months). 34 patients (68.0%) had membranous , 10 patients (20.0%). had muscular,4 patients (8.0%) had inlet and 2 patients (4.0%) had outlet ventricular septal defects. There were 16(32.0%) small ,28(56.0%) moderate, and 6(12.0%) large size defects .7 of muscular defects closed spontaneously, 2 were closed surgically and 1 remained open but decrease in size (70.0%, 20.0%, and 10.0% respectively). On the other hand 25 of membranous defects closed spontaneously and 9 defects remained open by the end of the study ((74.0%),(26.%) respectively). Regardless of type all small 16(32.0%) not required medical treatment, 34(68.0%) ofmoderate and large size defects needed medical and/or surgical treatment in the first two yeas of life but by the end of fallow up 16(32.0%) defect closed spontaneously and 10(20.0%) defects had their size decreased ,all of them of moderate size.Conclusion: Infants with muscular ventricular septal defects have better prognosis in the 1st year but spontanous closure with membranous is more in the 1st 2 years and infants with moderate and large ventricular septal defects usually need medical and/or surgical treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".