Evolution of the nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota from spring processing to 40 days after arrival at the feedlot in beef calves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The stability of the bovine nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota has been shown to play a crucial role in respiratory health. The combination of microbiota-based inhibitory effects and the protective effects of the host’s immune system creates a stable environment in the nasopharynx. However, a loss of stability in the microbiota may decrease the host’s ability to contain opportunistically pathogenic bacteria and increase the risk of foreign pathogens colonizing the upper respiratory tract. These pathogens can proliferate and progress into the lower respiratory tract, potentially leading to pneumonia. Different factors, including antimicrobial usage, commingling, stress, and concurrent viral infection can have an impact on the stability of nasopharyngeal microbiota. In humans, it has been shown that the respiratory bacterial microbiota evolves toward an adult-like profile within the first months of life. Certain bacterial profiles, once established, can remain stable over time, demonstrating a resiliency against respiratory infection. Previous longitudinal studies looking at the evolution of the nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota in beef cattle have only centered around significantly stressful events, such as weaning and arrival at a feedlot, limiting our understanding of how respiratory microbiota evolve from an early age. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota and its evolution from spring processing to 40 days after arrival at the feedlot.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".