Neurocognitive improvement after angioplasty in patients with chronic middle cerebral artery stenosis and cerebral ischemia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The use of middle cerebral artery (MCA) angioplasty compared with drug therapy has been controversial. Few studies have reported the correlations between cognitive function improvement and MCA angioplasty. This study aimed to explore neurocognitive function after angioplasty in patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis (MCAS) and objective cerebral ischemia. METHODS: We identified 14 patients diagnosed with MCAS aged 45-65 years. Neurocognitive function evaluation was performed by 2 independent clinical psychologists using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), and Multi-Dimensional Psychology. All patients received general anesthesia, underwent diagnostic cerebral angiography (DSA) via the femoral route and angioplasty, and then were sent to the neurologic intensive care unit (NICU) for overnight hemodynamic and neurologic monitoring. Aspirin and clopidogrel treatments were continued for 3 months after successful intervention. Complete neurologic examinations, including assessment with the National Institutes of Health Stroke (NIHSS), and modulate RANK score (MRS) were conducted by 2 independent neurologists. The patients received a family follow-up at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the interventional procedure. Neurologic sequelae, intracranial hemorrhages, and deaths were recorded as an endpoint. Follow-up clinical and imageological examinations were scheduled at 6 months after the intervention. Follow-up brain computed tomography (CT) perfusion or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) perfusion scans performed by 2 imageological scanners were scheduled 6 months after the procedure. RESULTS: Angioplasty technical success was achieved in 14 parents (100%). We found that 10 patients did not have recurrent MCAS in the angioplasty site and had significant improvements in the associated brain perfusion situation and cognitive founction as compared before and after angioplasty. Also, 4 patients had evident restenosis in the angioplasty site. In the nonstenosis group, we found significant improvements in the MMSE, 3-dimensional (3D) mental rotation, simple calculation, and spatial working memory. In the recurrent stenosis group, we found no statistically significant changes in cognitive function compared with the baseline and after a 6-month follow up. There were high correlations between the changes in perfusion and the changes in word and picture memory. There was a significant correlation between the change in perfusion with MMSE (-0.522), spatial working memory (0.655), and Raven's progressive matrices test (0.637); a moderate correlation with 3D rotation (0.413), and simple calculation (-0.359); and weak correlation with visual tracking (0.026) and MoCA (0.279). CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty surgery significantly improves neurocognitive function in patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis (MCAS) and objective cerebral ischemia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".