Assessing the longitudinal relationship between theta‐gamma coupling and working memory performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Individuals with a history of depression exhibit cognitive deficits and are at high‐risk for developing dementia. In particular, they show deficits in prefrontal cortical function, e.g. executive functioning and working memory. Theta‐gamma coupling (TGC) is a neurophysiologic marker of prefrontal cortical function. In cross‐sectional studies, TGC is associated with performance on several prefrontal cortex dependent cognitive tasks. Thus, it is a promising target for interventions to enhance cognition and possibly prevent cognitive decline. However, the relationship between change in TGC and change in cognitive performance is not yet characterized. The aim of this study is to determine whether change in TGC over repeated assessments is associated with change in working memory performance at these assessments. Methods Twenty‐seven older individuals with a history of depression (mean age = 66.18, SD = 5.43) completed the N‐back, a working memory task, at three time‐points (T0, T1 (2 weeks post T0) and T2 (90 days post T0). TGC was recorded using electroencephalography during the N‐back task. Change in TGC and N‐back performance among the three time‐points was calculated for each participant. Regression analyses were run, with change in N‐back dprime as the dependent variable, change in TGC as the independent variable, and time‐point as the fixed factor. To control for any effect of change in theta and gamma oscillations, we included also changes in theta and gamma powers as covariates. Results We found a positive association between change in TGC and change in N‐back dprime (B = 96.5, p = 0.006), but no association between change in theta (B = 7.66e‐6, p = 0.28) or gamma (B = 1.96E‐6, p = 0.93) power. There was also no effect of time‐point (B = ‐0.32, p = 0.07), and no interaction between time‐point and TGC (B = ‐67.17, p = 0.23). Conclusion Our results suggest enhancing TGC could enhance working memory performance irrespective of whether this enhancement happens over days or weeks. They also further support the use of TGC as a target for intervention to enhance prefrontal cortical function in individuals at high‐risk for cognitive decline, and potentially prevent decline and dementia.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".