Bibliographic record
Abstract
The method of “incoherent clocking” is discussed, wherein all-digital methods using FPGAs and COTS digital fiberoptic modules and commercial (e.g. aerial) fiber routing, along with free-running local oscillators at each antenna, are used to provide a clock and timing solution for “at antenna” digitization for any cost, scale, and frequency of radio telescope. Antenna local oscillator stability (Allan Deviation) requirements are developed, indicating there is virtually no limit in baseline extent that can be handled with this method. Research results and plans, focusing on a hardware “laboratory demonstrator” at 10 Gbps using a Xilinx ZCU111 evaluation board, with external real-world aerial fiber up to 300 km with OEO repeaters, are presented and discussed. As well, although not discussed in this paper, with NRC “Small Teams” funding, 4 antennas of the NRC-Penticton 7-antenna 400-1800 MHz Synthesis Telescope are being outfitted with new feeds, receivers, an at-antenna digitizer, and a “TALON Demonstration Correlator” (developed for the SKA) to test this method on-the-sky.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".