L’évaluation des besoins des élèves autochtones: défis pour une recherche décoloniale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alors que diverses initiatives récentes situent l’accès aux services spécialisés par les élèves autochtones comme un outil de l’égalité réelle en matière de santé, de services sociaux et d’éducation pour les enfants des Premières Nations au Canada, nous présentons ici une réflexion issue d’un projet de recherche visant à articuler les savoirs issus du milieu académique et détenus par deux communautés atikamekw à l’égard de l’évaluation des besoins des élèves autochtones. À la lumière de la surreprésentation de ces élèves dans les programmes d’éducation spécialisés et des travaux s’inscrivant dans les Disability Critical Race Studies, un écart entre les principaux constats émanant d’une métasynthèse descriptive de 82 écrits et des diverses activités réalisées auprès d’acteurs scolaires impliqués dans l’évaluation des besoins des élèves au sein de ces communautés est documenté. Ce dernier rappelle l’importance de dépasser la posture d’instrumentalisation du chercheur et de considérer, dans la réflexion sur l'intersection entre éducation spécialisée et peuples autochtones, l’interdépendance du capacitisme et du racisme dans la catégorisation des élèves autochtones « en difficulté ». AVALIANDO AS NECESSIDADES DOS ESTUDANTES INDÍGENAS: DESAFIOS PARA A PESQUISA DECOLONIALEmbora várias iniciativas recentes situem o acesso a serviços especializados por estudantes indígenas como uma ferramenta para a igualdade substantiva em saúde, serviços sociais e educação para crianças das Primeiras Nações no Canadá, apresentamos aqui uma reflexão resultante de um projeto de pesquisa que visou combinar o conhecimento acadêmico com o de duas comunidades Atikamekw no que diz respeito à avaliação das necessidades dos estudantes autóctones. À luz da super-representação desses estudantes em programas de educação especializada e dos estudos críticos sobre a deficiência, percebemos a existência de uma discrepância entre as principais descobertas retiradas de uma metassíntese descritiva de um conjunto de 82 trabalhos acadêmicos analisados e as expectativas dos atores escolares envolvidos na avaliação das necessidades dos alunos nessas comunidades autóctones. Essa discrepância aponta para a importância de se superar a posição de instrumentalização do pesquisador e reconhecer, na interseção entre educação especial e povos indígenas, a interdependência entre o capacitismo e o racismo na categorização dos estudantes indígenas como “deficientes”.PALAVRAS CHAVES: Povos Indígenas; Avaliação de estudantes; Necessidades educativas especiais; Colonialismo.ASSESSING THE NEEDS OF INDIGENOUS STUDENTS: CHALLENGES FOR DECOLONIAL RESEARCHWhile various and recent initiatives have presented access to specialized services by indigenous students as a tool for reaching real equality in health, social services and education for First nations children in Canada, our paper presents a reflection from a research project aimed at articulating scientific and lay knowledge of two atikamekw communities on special needs assessment processes of these students. Considering the over-representation of these students in specialized education programs and critical studies on disability, we documented a discrepancy between the main findings of our descriptive metasynthesis of 82 academic publications analysed and the expectations of school actors involved in assessing students’ needs in these indigenous communities. This discrepancy highlights the importance of overcoming the instrumentalization position of the researcher and to recognize, in the intersection between special education and indigenous peoples, the interdependence of ableism and racism in categorizing indigenous students as “disabled”.KEYWORDS: Indigenous people; Student’ assessment; Special educational needs; Colonialism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.307 | 0.395 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.022 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.019 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".