A Metamaterial Loaded Microstrip Patch Antenna for Lower 5G U-NII Spectrum
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, we have proposed a metamaterial loaded microstrip patch antenna for the sub-6 GHz range to operate in the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) band. The Proposed Microstrip Patch Antenna (PMPA) has a U-shaped patch and an array of Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR) in the ground plane. By adding a slot in the middle, the rectangular patch becomes a U-shaped one which is responsible for the enhancement of antenna bandwidth and gain. Our antenna provides a bandwidth of 392 MHz which is about 2.7 times larger compared to that of a Conventional Microstrip Patch Antenna (CMPA) of the same dimension. The maximum gain of our antenna is found 6.56 dB which is around 2 dB higher than that of the conventional one (4.72 dB). Due to the addition of the CSRR array in the ground plane, an improved impedance matching of 50 ohms has been achieved. The operating frequency range of the PMPA is from 5.525 to 5.917 GHz which can be used for 5G applications such as Wi-fi, Wi-Max, and IoT devices in the U-NII band.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it