Current status of clinical orthodontics in European and American countries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Current status of clinical orthodontics in European and American countries was examined by means of a questionnaire survey through internet. In the European and American countries, most popular technique in daily orthodontic practice is preadjusted straight wire edgewise technique. In major developed countries in Europe and America, the treatment fee is considerably high, whereas the fee is relatively low in the countries under development and/or after economic crisis. Rate of non-extraction treatment among all the cases treated with multi-bracket appliances is significantly higher in Europe and America than in Asia except in a few countries. In the European and American countries, treatment system for jaw deformity patients is well developed with higher availability of the social health insurance than in Asia. The maximum CLP prevalence of 0.200 is found in Germany and Austria and the mean is around 0.140 or one to 700 births. In general, CLP treatment is covered by social health insurance in European and American countries. In Europe and America, lingual orthodontic technique has not become popular because patients never want to hide orthodontic appliance. Higher cost of lingual appliance and lack in information and technical skills may be the reasons of less frequent use of lingual appliance. Many interviewees replied that usage of TADs has not become so popular in USA and Canada as compared to that in Asia. In another word, the initial fascination with TADs wore off and are now used in selected patients as needed. This may be due to more harmonious maxillofacial structure with longer and wider dentitions in Caucasians which also results in higher rate of non-extraction treatment with multibracket appliances in European and American countries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".