Employment of polish students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rapidly increasing cost of living in Poland is reflected in a high professional activity of students. Currently, the majority of the students on the Polish labor market is employed on the basis of civil law agreements. Civil agreements do not guarantee a sense of security and they are attractive primarily for employers. The civil contract allows employers to reduce employment costs. Their attractiveness for the employees is connected with the flexibility of working time. The advantage for the students of performing work under civil agreements is that it allows them to combine study with work. But they prefer part-time work. Civil contracts are often pejoratively referred to as “junk contracts”, because they do not protect employee’s interests. This is particularly observed during a crisis (like in the current situation connected with the COVID-19 pandemic). The aim of this paper is to present the results of the analysis of the situation of working students and the possibility of its impact on anti-crisis actions taken by the government in order to protect society against the effects of the pandemic. The research was conducted among students of Lodz University of Technology (Poland) in the first quarter of 2020, with the use of an on-line survey. The study assumes that the preference of employers concerning the employment of students based on atypical forms results in the lack of protection in new and unpredictable situations such as the current one. The article determines students level of knowledge about the available forms of assistance under the Anti-Crisis Shield 2.0. The research shows that very few respondents are aware of the accessible assistance guaranteed by the Act.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".