Design and Fabrication of Micro-Supersonic Wind Tunnels for Microscale Shock Wave Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0833.vid A de Laval supersonic nozzle with test section was designed as the micro-supersonic wind tunnel and it was analyzed numerically and experimentally in this study. The height of nozzle throat was 500 micrometer and the depth was 150 micrometer. A plenum chamber was added to the inlet of supersonic nozzle and a reservoir was connected to the outlet of test section to ensure the steady pressure condition during experiment. The micro-supersonic wind tunnel was fabricated with MEMS lithography technique and Pressure-Sensitive Paint technique was applied to acquire the pressure contours inside the micro-supersonic wind tunnel at various pressure conditions. Good agreement has been established between simulation and experiment. A 4 degree divergent angle was added to the test section to resolve the viscous layer growing from the side walls and ensure the steady flow speed during the measurements. With the inlet pressure of 100 kPa and outlet pressure of 20 kPa, a flow speed of Mach 1.6 can be achieved. A circular cylinder model with diameter of 50 micrometer was positioned at the exit of test section and the microscale shock wave pattern was observed. Due to the viscous effect, the shock wave was smeared but local high and low pressure region can still be identified by Pressure-Sensitive Paint measurements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".