Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Report LEDs and the worldwide market for connected lighting, now at its XII edition, is structured in 9 chapters. The Report provides in the first chapter estimated data on consumption of total lighting and LED-based lighting for the years 2014-2020 and forecasts for the years 2021-2024. After an analysis of world trade of lighting fixtures and lamps (second chapter) a quantification in volume of main products and reference prices is provided. Products considered include: downlights, recessed, spotlights, lamps, panels, strips, linear lighting, decorative luminaires, suspensions, wall washers, high bays, steps and bollards, outdoor projectors, pole mounted (third chapter). An analysis of main destination segments follows (fourth chapter): Residential/Consumer, Hospitality, Retail, Office, Institutional, Healthcare, Art & Museum, Industrial, Hazardous environment, Architectural outdoor lighting, Street and Tunnel lighting. Estimated stock of LED lighting and connected items is also provided. Follow an analysis of distribution channels (projects, specialists, lifestyle, DIY, wholesalers, e-commerce) and profitability (EBITDA, ROE, ROA) for 100 players (chapters five and six). Chapter 7 shows market shares of top 50 players for LED Lighting as a whole, and by segment: Residential and Hospitality, Office/Healthcare/public premises, Retail/Entertainment/Art Venues, Industrial, Residential/Architectural outdoor, Street/Area/Tunnel lighting. Chapter 8 shows market shares of top 50 players in the LED lighting arena by geographic area: Europe, Russia/Turkey and CIS Countries, North America, Central-South America, China, India, Japan, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa A note on main suppliers of LED packaged and chips, LED drivers and modules is provided as chapter 9. Research tools: 200 interviews with manufacturers and retailers of lighting fixtures worldwide, trade data, balance-sheets, IP patents, geolocalization, web analysis and 30-years of CSIL experience in the Lighting sector. The geographical classification of the 70 monitored countries is as follows: North America: Canada, Mexico and the United States; Central and South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela; European Union (27) + United Kingdom, Norway and Switzerland: Austria, Belgium (including Luxembourg), Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom; Russia, Serbia, Turkey and CIS Countries: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Serbia, Turkey, Ukraine; China; India; Japan; Asia Pacific; Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam; Middle East and Africa: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates; CONSIDERED SEGMENTS AND PRODUCTS. Residential/Consumer lighting fixtures includes indoor products such as floor and table lighting, suspensions, chandeliers, wall lighting, but also spot lights or downlights when used for application in the house. Residential outdoor is aggregated in the Outdoor segment and should account not much more than 5% on a total (indoor+outdoor) residential lighting market; Commercial/Architectural lighting fixtures includes indoor products for Hospitality (hotels, restaurants.), Offices, Shops ( big box , luxury), museums and other places of entertainment, Institutions and big infrastructures (schools, airports…), including downlights, low and high voltage spotlights and professional projectors, decorative lighting with size or other characteristics designed for markets like hotels, shops, offices, restaurants; Industrial lighting fixtures includes indoor products for industrial plants, warehouses, weather resistant and explosion-proof lighting, emergency lighting, marine and healthcare lighting; Outdoor lighting fixtures includes garden lighting and architectural lighting for common spaces in residential building (together as Residential ), architectural lighting for city centres ( city beautification ), street lighting and lighting for major roads (pole mounted), lighting for tunnels and galleries, campus/area lighting (sporting plants, petrol stations, and other large area spaces), Christmas and special events lighting; Lamps.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.102 | 0.016 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".