Abstract 5123: Assessment of Myocardial Microvascular Abnormalities in Chronic Kidney Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent data has shown that chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease and been associated with an adverse prognosis. It has been hypothesized that effects on the coronary microcirculation play a critical role in the exacerbation of disease. Thus, we assessed the myocardial microvasculature in CKD, using fluorescent microangiography (FMA) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE). Methods: 8 week old male Fischer 344 rats underwent subtotal nephrectomy (n=10) (SNX), or sham surgery (n=10). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), proteinuria, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic pressure volume relationship (EDPVR) and Tau were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks following surgery. MCE was performed to assess regional myocardial perfusion, and rats were subjected to FMA (10% solution of 0.02 μ m fluorescent microspheres). Thick (200 μ m) sections of fixed tissue can then be visualized under confocal microscopy. Stacks of images are collected and 3D reconstruction and visualization carried out in order to quantify the density, size and shape of blood vessels. An automated tracing algorithm was used to create a solid 3D model. Results : SNX animals showed increased in SBP and urinary protein confirming CKD. LVEF was preserved (68±16 versus 53±14 % in controls), while diastolic function was impaired in both the energy-dependent early (Tau) (16.7±3.1 versus 11.0±1.2 msec; p<0.05) and late passive EDPVR, a measure of LV compliance (0.052±0.026 versus 0.018±0.009 mmHg/ul in controls; p<0.01). FMA analysis illustrated a reduction in average vessel diameter (3.84±0.08 versus 4.68±0.16 μ M in controls; p < 0.05), and a reduction in vascular density (2.81E-03±1.72E-04 versus 3.63E-03±1.56E-04 μ M in controls; p < 0.01). MCE-derived endocardial-epicardial blood flow ratio was reduced in CKD as compared to sham controls (0.67±0.14 versus 1.12±0.35 in controls; p<0.05). Conclusion: Myocardial microvascular loss occurs in CKD, and is associated with a reduction in endocardial blood flow and impaired diastolic function, with preserved LV systolic function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".