Experimental and numerical investigation of the scale‐up criterion of solid‐viscous fluid mixing in a stirred tank
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The scale‐up of mixing processes is crucial for process engineering and power optimization in the chemical industry. Scale‐up of fluid mixing in stirred systems becomes a challenging task, especially when using non‐Newtonian fluids. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been applied to simulate the solid‐liquid mixing of silica particles with non‐Newtonian fluids of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solutions (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0). The model is validated by experimental measurement of power consumption and solid‐phase concentration. The scale‐up criterion based on geometric similarity and constant tip speed is proved to be valid for non‐Newtonian systems by comparing kinematic similarity. The transformation of flow regime is discussed based on modified Reynolds number and local Reynolds number. The scale‐up criterion performs well in terms of the scale effect of power consumption, especially for the CMC2.0 solution system. This study is instructive for the scale‐up of non‐Newtonian fluid mixing in stirred tanks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".