Commentary on the Multidimensional Degree of Family Influence Construct and the F-Pec Measurement Instrument
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Family Influence on Power, Experience, and Culture (F-PEC) measurement scale created in the Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice article by Kelin, Astrachan, and Smyrnios (2005) is critiqued.The purpose is to provide feedback regarding the methodology of future research in order to establish further the validity and reliability of the scale, and provide theoretical directions for areas of future research. Several methodological issues are presented.Face validity and content validity are discussed, including issues of these forms of validity among the dimensions of the F-PEC scale.Convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity are also examined and suggestions for strengthening these forms of validity are provided.Internal consistency of the F-PEC is strong; however, possible explanations and limitations that may have contributed to these findings are provided.Interrater and test-retest reliability are addressed, as are several theoretical considerations.An effort is made to redefine family influence as either an independent or dependent variable.The dimensions of power, experience, and culture could be redefined as independent, dependent, or moderating variables within the study. The strengths and weaknesses of the research are discussed, and areas for future research. (AKP)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.026 | 0.106 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.032 | 0.045 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".