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A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN Report on the Physics and Design Concepts for Machine and Detector
J. L. Abelleira Fernandez, C. Adolphsen, A N Akay, H. Aksakal, Javier L. Albacete, S. Alekhin, P. P. Allport, V. Andreev, R B Appleby, E Arikan, N. Armesto, G. Azuelos, M. Bai, D C Barber, J. Bartels, O Behnke, J. Behr, A. Belyaev, I. Ben‐Zvi, N. R. Bernard, S. Bertolucci, S. Bettoni, Sudhansu S. Biswal, J. Blümlein, H. Böttcher, Alex Bogacz, Chiara Bracco, O. Brandt, H. M. Braun, Stanley J. Brodsky, O Brüning, E. Bulyak, A. Buniatyan, H. Bürkhardt, I. Turk Cakir, Ö. Çakır, R. Calaga, V. Çetinkaya, E. Ciapala, R. Çiftçi, A. K. Çiftçi, B. A. Cole, John C. Collins, O. Dadoun, John Dainton, A. De Roeck, D. d’Enterria, A. Dudarev, Å. Eide, Rikard Enberg, Emre Eroğlu, K. Eskola, L. Favart, M. Fitterer, Stefano Forte, A. Gaddi, Paolo Gambino, Héctor García Morales, T. Gehrmann, P. Gladkikh, C. Glasman, R. Godbole, B. Goddard, T. Greenshaw, Alberto Guffanti, V. Guzey, C. Gwenlan, Tao Han, Yue Hao, F. Haug, W. Herr, A. Hervé, B. J. Holzer, M. Ishitsuka, Michel Jacquet, B. Jeanneret, J. M. Jimenez, J. M. Jowett, H. Jung, H. Karadeniz, D. Kayran, A. I. Kilić, K. Kimura, M. Klein, U. Klein, T. Kluge, F. Kocak, M. Korostelev, A. Kosmicki, P. Kostka, H. Kowalski, Günter Krämer, D. Küchler, M. Kuze, T. Lappi, P. Laycock, E. Levichev, S. Levonian, Vladimir Litvinenko, Alessandra Lombardi, J. Maeda, Cyrille Marquet, B Mellado, K.H. Mess, Attilio Milanese, S. Moch, И. И. Морозов, Y. Muttoni, S. Myers, Soumitra Nandi, Z. Nergiz, P. R. Newman, T. Omori, James Osborne, E. Paoloni, Y. Papaphilippou, C. Pascaud, Hannu Paukkunen, E Perez, Tatiana Pieloni, E. Pilicer, B. Pire, R. Plačakytė, A. Polini, V. Ptitsyn, Y. Pupkov, V. Radescu, Sreerup Raychaudhuri, L. Rinolfi, R. Rohini, Juan Rojo, S. Russenschuck, M. Ö. Sahin, Carlos A. Salgado, K. Sampei, R Sassot, E. Sauvan, U. Schneekloth, T. Schörner-Sadenius, Daniel Schulte, A. Şenol, A. Seryi, P. Sievers, A.N. Skrinsky, W. H. Smith, H Spiesberger, A. M. Staśto, M. Strikman, M. K. Sullivan, S. Sultansoy, Yong Sun, B. Surrow, L. Szymanowski, Pieter Taels, I. Tapan, T. Tasci, E. ̃Tassi, H. Ten Kate, J. Terrón, H. Thiesen, L. Thompson, K. Tokushuku, R Tomás García, D. Tommasini, D. Trbojević, N. Tsoupas, Joachim Tückmantel, Ş. Türköz, T.N. Trinh, Konrad Tywoniuk, G Unel, J. Urakawa, P. Vanmechelen, A. Variola, R. Veness, A. Vivoli, P Vobly, J. Wagner, R. Wallny, S. Wallon, G. Watt, C. Weiss, U. A. Wiedemann, U. Wienands, F. Willeke, V. Yakimenko, A. F. Żarnecki, Z Zhang, F. Zimmermann, R. Žlebčík, F. Zomer
Bibliographic record
VenueJournal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Canadian institutionsUniversité de MontréalTRIUMF
FundersBasic Energy SciencesOffice of ScienceScience and Technology Facilities CouncilXunta de GaliciaTürkiye Atom Enerjisi KurumuAlfred P. Sloan FoundationU.S. Department of Energy
KeywordsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysicsParticle physicsDetectorNuclear physicsColliderElectronHadronOptics
Abstract
OpenAlex records an abstract for this work, but it could not be fetched just now.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.020
Threshold uncertainty score0.066
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.025
GPT teacher head0.289
Teacher spread0.263 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
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Citations642
Published2012
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes