Ricardian trade and the impact of domestic competition on export performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper develops and empirically examines a model of relative productivity differences both within and across industries for small open economies. We decompose the effect of industry productivity on export performance into direct effect of own-firm productivity and an indirect effect of higher peer-firm productivity. In a sample of Chilean and Colombian plants, we find evidence of both a positive direct effect and a negative indirect effect. The empirical evidence supports our theoretical prediction that industryspecific factors of production and asymmetric substitutability between domestic and foreign varieties drive the negative indirect effect. JEL classification: F10, F11, F12 Commerce ricardien et l’impact de la concurrence interieure sur la performance du secteur des exportations. Ce memoire developpe et examine empiriquement un modele des differences de productivites relatives, a la fois a l’interieur et entre les industries, pour des petites economies ouvertes. On decompose l’effet de la productivite industrielle sur la performance du secteur des exportations en un effet direct de la productivite de la firme particuliere, et un effet indirect de la productivite des autres firmes dans l’industrie. Dans un echantillon d’etablissements au Chili et en Colombie, on decouvre a la fois un effet direct positif et un effet indirect negatif. Le travail empirique supporte les predictions theoriques a savoir que les facteurs de production specifiques a l’industrie et la substituabilite asymetrique entre les varietes domestiques et etrangeres de produits sont au fondement de cet effet indirect. Matilde Bombardini is also affiliated with the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Canadian Institute For Advanced Research. We thank Anders Ackerman, Alan Deardorff, Gilles Duranton, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, David Weinstein, and Stephen Yeaple. In addition, we thank three anonymous referees for extremely thoughtful comments. We have also benefited from seminar participants at the APEA meetings at UC Santa Cruz, the CAED Conference, Carleton University, FREIT, the University of Michigan, Wilfred Laurier University, and workshops at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, the University of British Columbia, and the University of Toronto. The authors alone are responsible for any errors. Email: peter.morrow@utoronto.ca Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d’Economique, Vol. 45, No. 2 May / mai 2012. Printed in Canada / Imprime au Canada 0008-4085 / 12 / 585–612 / C © 2012 Canadian Economics Association 586 M. Bombardini, C.J. Kurz, and P.M. Morrow
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".