Breaking the Rings of Forest Corruption: Steps Towards Better Forest Governance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Corruption is the major factor linking long-term forest harvesting concessions and the government agencies in Guyana, South America, and it is based on the very low forest taxes and high profits on under-declared log exports. Three rings of power or social compacts mutually foster the prevalent illegalities. • Small-scale loggers allocated non-commercial forest make up their income by over-quota and out-of-coupe felling, for which they pay off the junior government staff to forestall field inspections. • Senior and junior forest officers keep out of each other's relations with loggers. • In the higher level social compacts, the State itself behaves as a criminal enterprise, allowing the available technical regulations to improve forest management to be ignored, or used selectively against those loggers who lack political influence. Steps towards solutions include: -other links between loggers and government staff could be broken by implementing the 1997 national policy and 2001 national forest plan (GFC 1997,2001) for strategic allocation of concession, and matching the capacity of the loggers to concession size, location, duration and quality of forest. o inter-sectoral action by many actors. The establishment of open forums for spreading information and debating contentious issues in a non-confrontational setting, under the auspices of civil society organisations which have demonstrated durability and effectiveness in securing positive responses from the Executive branch of government; o an increase in the motivation for civil society to participate in such forums; o the provision of openings for international NGOs to aid local NGOs, including harassment-free registration of civil associations; o the strengthening of parliamentary democracy with the motivation and means to call the Executive to account. All these suggestions run counter to the nexus between the three social compacts, which
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.025 | 0.034 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.017 | 0.019 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Research integrity | 0.013 | 0.017 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".