Reversible Silicon Anodes with Long Cycles by Multifunctional Volumetric Buffer Layers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Establishing a stable, stress-relieving configuration is imperative to achieve a reversible silicon anode for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. Herein, we propose a silicon composite anode (denoted as T-Si@C), which integrates free space and mixed carbon shells doped with rigid TiO2/Ti5Si3 nanoparticles. In this configuration, the free space accommodates the silicon volume fluctuation during battery operation. The carbon shells with embedded TiO2/Ti5Si3 nanoparticles maintain the structural stability of the anode while accelerating the lithium-ion diffusion kinetics and mitigating interfacial side reactions. Based on these advantages, T-Si@C anodes demonstrate an outstanding lithium storage performance with impressive long-term cycling reversibility and good rate capability. Additionally, T-Si@C//LiFePO4 full cells show superior electrochemical reversibility. This work highlights the importance of rational structural manipulation of silicon anodes and affords fresh insights into achieving advanced silicon anodes with long life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".