Economy of the Central Union of Economic Cooperatives [Ústřední jednota hospodářských družstev] in the First Quarter of its Existence (1896-1918) [Hospodářské výsledky Ústřední jednoty hospodářských družstev v prvním čtvrtstoletí jejího trvání (1896-1918)]
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Central Union of Economic Cooperatives established in 1896 as Central Union of Economic Companies was the biggest cooperative centre in Cisleithania and aptly complemented the Monarchy's credit system by controlling national finances; it considerably influenced also economic life of rural and partly of urban communities. Through its focus on agricultural production particularly processing and distribution the Union became national economic basis for countryside. Its importance during the World War I increased more in context of provisioning the Monarchy rear, above all Cisleithania.The following statistics demonstrate importance of the Central Union within borders of Cisleithania: at the end of the 20th century first decade the Central Union partook in number of Raiffeisenbanks in Cisleithania between 26-27 % and almost 20 % share of number of members, almost 18 % share of lending ready money, nearly 16 % of bank credits and more than 18 % of turnover. The second most significant union of economic companies became the German Zentralverband der deutschen landwirtschaftlichen Genossenschaften Bohmens, G.m.b.H, Kralovske Vinohrady (Prague).The members of the board of directors and prominent officials were not the only one who contributed to the achieved results but also the leading management and Central Union's political contacts in Bohemia and Vienna.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".