Study on superachromatism of a quarter-wave retarder for the visible range of the spectrum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Achromatic retarders are key components used in optical system design. Various researchers have proposed different combinations of quarter-wave plates that exhibit good achromatic behavior over a broad wavelength range. One of the pioneering works in this area was that of Pancharatnam, who proposed a combination of three wave plates where the fast axis of the first and the last wave plates were parallel, and both quarter-wave and half-wave achromatic retarders were obtained by proper orientation of the central wave plate. In this paper the superachromatic behavior of a quarter-wave retardation system, consisting of three wave plates, is studied in the spectral range from 500–700 nm (i.e., the visible range), centered around the design wavelength of 575 nm. It will be shown that, if the second and third wave plates of the proposed configuration are oriented at 67.5° and 90°, respectively, a retardation variation of as low as ±0.13∘ is observed over the said visible range, indicating the superachromatic nature of the proposed system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".