Risk Factors in Reports for People found Not Criminally Responsible: Has Clinical Practice Kept Up with Evidence-Based Practice?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
If someone cannot appreciate the nature/quality of their actions or know they were wrong, the Canadian Criminal Code requires they are found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD). In Canada, Review Boards (RBs) determine whether individuals found NCRMD receive an absolute discharge (released without conditions), conditional discharge (released with conditions), or custodial disposition (custody in hospital) based on their risk to public safety. To determine risk, RBs use reports written by the patient’s treatment team that should consider empirically-supported risk factors, including Historical-Clinical-Risk Management-20 items (Webster et al., 1997). Previous research concluded few HCR-20 items were mentioned in reports; however, report audience (RB vs. court) may have influenced findings. This study examines how often HCR-20 items were mentioned in reports sent to courts versus RBs for patients found NCRMD residing at a secure forensic facility. The necessity of maintaining public safety and the patient’s rights is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.059 | 0.360 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".