Light from Ancient Campfires: Archaeological Evidence for Native Lifeways on the Northern Plains
Bibliographic record
Abstract
i n h a b i t a n t s . . .13 Prior to ca. 11,050 bp 13 pre-clovis sites ( > ca.11,050 bp) 16 The Sites 20 Pre-Clovis: Still Searching for the Evidence 2 e a r l y p r e h i s t o r i c p e r i o d . . . 2 3 ca.11,050 to 8,600 bp 24 clovis phase (ca.11,050 to 10,800 bp) 28 The Sites 33 Clovis: An Unprecedented "Homecoming"?38 folsom phase (ca.10,900 to 10,200 bp) 41 The Sites 45 Folsom: High Mobility with a Focus on Bison a c k n o w l e d g e m e n t s I owe a particular debt of gratitude to my supervisors at the Heritage Div ision, Culture and Community Spirit.Dr. David Link, Assistant Deputy Minister (Acting), and Brian Ronaghan, Director of the Archaeological Survey, were exceedingly supportive of the project, allowing exceptional access to the Cultural Resource Management literature.As well, construc tive critical comment was provided by Wendy Unfreed, Plains Archae olo gist, Archaeological Survey, throughout the project.A handful of people reviewed the document at various stages of comple tion.The sheer size of the volume would have frightened off most schol ars.I am deeply indebted for the constructive criticism provided by four anonymous reviewers as well as by Caroline HudecekCuffe, Brian Vivian, Alison Landals, and, again, Wendy Unfreed.The work was enhanced by the many, many, many suggested improvements.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".