Volunteer <i>Brassica napus</i> (L.) interference with soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.]: management thresholds, plant growth, and seed return
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canola (Brassica napus L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are currently two of the three most common crops grown in Manitoba, which comprises the eastern regions of the Canadian Prairies. Volunteer B. napus is a prominent weed in soybean in Manitoba and glyphosate-resistant (GR) volunteer B. napus often is the only weed remaining after in-crop weed control with glyphosate in soybean. Additive-series field experiments were established at three locations in Manitoba in 2012 and 2013 to study volunteer B. napus interference with soybean and develop action and economic thresholds for this weed. Soybean were planted in narrow (25 cm) or wide (75 cm) row spacing and glyphosate-resistant B. napus seed was broadcast at densities of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 seeds·m −2 at the time of soybean planting. Development of soybean and volunteer B. napus were determined throughout the growing season and seed yield of both species was determined at their respective physiological maturity. Volunteer B. napus is highly competitive with soybean, as action (<9 plants·m −2 ) and economic (<5 plants·m −2 ) thresholds were low. At these action thresholds, volunteer B. napus seed return to the weed seedbank was on average 14 400 seeds·m −2 and 10 400 seeds·m −2 in narrow- and wide-row soybean, respectively.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".