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X Chromosome Contribution to the Genetic Architecture of Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Rosanna Asselta, Elvezia Maria Paraboschi, Alessio Gerussi, Heather J. Cordell, George Mells, Richard Sandford, David Jones, Minoru Nakamura, Kazuko Ueno, Yuki Hitomi, Minae Kawashima, Nao Nishida, Katsushi Tokunaga, Masao Nagasaki, Atsushi Tanaka, Ruqi Tang, Zhiqiang Li, Yongyong Shi, Xiangdong Liu, Ma Xiong, Gideon M. Hirschfield, Katherine A. Siminovitch, Erin J. Walker, Gang Xie, Andy Mason, Robert P. Myers, Kevork Peltekian, Cameron N. Ghent, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Bruce Juran, Kostas Lazaridis, Yue Lu, Xiangjun Gu, Kaiyan Jing, Chris Amos, Andrea Affronti, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, B. Coco, Giancarlo Spinzi, G. Elia, Carlo Ferrari, Ana Lleò, Luigi Muratori, Paolo Muratori, Piero Portincasa, Agostino Colli, Savino Bruno, Guido Colloredo, Francesco Azzaroli, Pietro Andreoné, Maria Consiglia Bragazzi, Domenico Alvaro, Vincenzo Cardinale, Nora Cazzagon, Cristina Rigamonti, Annarosa Floreani, F. Rosina, Antonio Ciaccio, Laura Cristoferi, Daphne D’Amato, Federica Malinverno, Clara Mancuso, Sara Massironi, Chiara Milani, Sarah Elisabeth O’Donnell, Vincenzo Ronca, Donatella Barisani, Pietro Lampertico, Francesco Donato, S. Fagiuoli, Piero Luigi Almasio, Edoardo G. Giannini, Carmela Cursaro, Massimo Colombo, Luca Valenti, Luca Miele, Angelo Andriulli, Grazia Anna Niro, Ignazio Grattagliano, Lorenzo Morini, Giovanni Casella, M. Vinci, Pier Maria Battezzati, Andrea Crosignani, Massimo Zuin, Alberto Mattalia, Vincenza Calvaruso, Sílvia Colombo, A. Benedetti, Marco Marzioni, Andrea Galli, Fabio Marra, Mirko Tarocchi, Filomena Morisco, Luca Fabris, Lory Saveria Crocè, Claudio Tiribelli, Pierluigi Toniutto, Mario Strazzabosco, Chin Lye Ch’ng, Mesbah Rahman, Tom Yapp, Richard Sturgess, Christopher Healey, Marek Czajkowski, Anton Gunasekera, Pranab Gyawali, Purushothaman Premchand, Kapil Kapur, Richard Marley, Graham R. Foster, Alan Watson, Aruna Dias, Javaid Subhani, Rory Harvey, Roger McCorry, David Ramanaden, Jaber Gasem, Richard Evans, Thiriloganathan Mathialahan, C Shorrock, George Lipscomb, Paul Southern, Jeremy Tibble, Altaf Palegwala, Susan Jones, Mohamed Dawwas, Graeme Alexander, Sunil Dolwani, Martin Prince, Matthew Foxton, David Elphick, Harriet Mitchison, Ian Gooding, Mazn Karmo, Sushma Saksena, Mike Mendall, Minesh Patel, Roland Ede, Andrew Austin, Joanna Sayer, Lorraine Hankey, Christopher Hovell, Neil Fisher, Martyn Carter, Konrad Koss, Andrzej Piotrowicz, Charles Grimley, David E. Neal, Guan Lim, Sass Levi, Aftab Ala, Andrea Broad, Athar A. Saeed, Gordon Wood, Jonathan Brown, Mark Wilkinson, Harriet Gordon, John Ramage, Jo Ridpath, Theodore Ngatchu, Bob Grover, Syed Shahid Shaukat, Ray Shidrawi, George Abouda, Faiz Ali, Ian Rees, Imroz Salam, Mark Narain, Ashley N. Brown, Simon D. Taylor‐Robinson, Simon Williams, Leonie Grellier, Paul Banim, Debasish Das, Andrew Chilton, Michael A. Heneghan, Howard J. Curtis, Markus Gess, Ian Drake, Mark Aldersley, Mervyn H. Davies, Rebecca Jones, Alastair McNair, Raj Srirajaskanthan, Maxton Pitcher, Sambit Sen, George Bird, Adrian Barnardo, Paul Kitchen, Kevin Yoong, Oza Chirag, Nurani Sivaramakrishnan, George MacFaul, David Jones, Amir Shah, Chris Evans, Subrata Saha, Katharine Pollock, Peter Bramley, Ashis Mukhopadhya, Andrew Fraser, Peter R. Mills, Christopher Shallcross, S. Campbell, Andrew Bathgate, Alan Shepherd, John Dillon, Simon Rushbrook, Robert Przemioslo, Christopher Macdonald, Jane Metcalf, Udi Shmueli, Andrew M. Davis, Asifabbas Naqvi, Tom Lee, Stephen Ryder, Jane Collier, Howard Klass, Mary Ninkovic, Matthew Cramp, Nicholas M. Sharer, Richard Aspinall, Patrick Goggin, Deb Ghosh, Andrew Douds, Barbara Hoeroldt, Jonathan Booth, Earl Williams, Hyder Hussaini, William Stableforth, Reuben Ayres, Douglas Thorburn, Eileen Marshall, Andrew K. Burroughs, Steven Mann, Martin Lombard, Paul Richardson, Imran Patanwala, Julia Maltby, Matthew Brookes, Ray Mathew, Samir Vyas, Saket Singhal, Dermot Gleeson, Sharat Misra, Jeff Butterworth, Keith George, Tim Harding, A. E. Douglass, Simon Panter, Jeremy Shearman, Gary Bray, Graham P. Butcher, Daniel Forton, John Mclindon, Matthew Cowan, Gregory Whatley, Aditya Mandal, Hemant Gupta, Pradeep Sanghi, Sanjiv Jain, Geeta Prasad, Gill Watts, Mark Wright, James Neuberger, F. Gordon, Esther Unitt, Allister Grant, Toby Delahooke, Andrew Higham, Alison Brind, Mark Cox, S. Ramakrishnan, Alistair King, C.D. Collins, Simon Whalley, Andrew A. Li, Jocelyn Fraser, Andrew Bell, Voi Shim Wong, Amit Singhal, Ian Gee, Yeng Ang, Rupert Ransford, James Gotto, Charles Millson, Jane Bowles, Caradog Thomas, Melanie Harrison, Roman Galaska, Jennie Kendall, Jessica Whiteman, Caroline Lawlor, Catherine Gray, Keith Elliott, Caroline Mulvaney-Jones, Lucie Hobson, Greta Van Duyvenvoorde, Alison Loftus, Katie Seward, Ruth Penn, Jane Maiden, Rose Damant, Janeane Hails, Rebecca Cloudsdale, Valéria Damasceno Silvestre, Sue Glenn, Eleanor Dungca, Natalie Wheatley, Helen Doyle, Melanie Kent, Caroline Hamilton, Delyth Braim, Helen Wooldridge, Rachel Abrahams, Alison Paton, Nicola Lancaster, Andrew Gibbins, Karen Hogben, Phillipa Desousa, Florin Muscariu, Janine Musselwhite, Alexandra McKay, LaiTing Tan, Carole Foale, Jacqueline Brighton, Kerry Flahive, Estelle Nambela, Paula Townshend, Christopher M. Ford, Sophie M. Holder, Caroline Palmer, James Featherstone, Mariam Nasseri, Joy Sadeghian, Bronwen Williams, Carol Thomas, Sally-Ann Rolls, Abigail Hynes, Claire Duggan, Sarah Jones, Mary M.E. Crossey, Glynis Stansfield, Carolyn MacNicol, Joy Wilkins, Elva Wilhelmsen, Parizade Raymode, Hye‐Jeong Lee, Emma Durant, Rebecca Bishop, Noma Ncube, Sherill Tripoli, Rebecca M. Casey, Caroline Cowley, Richard A. Miller, Kathryn Houghton, Samantha Ducker, Fiona Wright, Bridget Bird, Gwen Baxter, Janie Keggans, Maggie Hughes, Emma Grieve, Karin Young, David Williams, Kate Ocker, Frances Hines, K. Martin, Caron Innes, Talal Valliani, Helen Fairlamb, Sarah Thornthwaite, Anne Eastick, Elizabeth Tanqueray, Jennifer Morrison, Becky Holbrook, Julie Browning, Kirsten Walker, Susan Congreave, Juliette Verheyden, Susan Slininger, Lizzie Stafford, Denise O’Donnell, Mark Ainsworth, Susan Lord, Linda March, Christine Dickson, Diane M. Simpson, Beverley Longhurst, Maria Hayes, Ervin Shpuza, Nikki White, Sarah Besley, Sallyanne Pearson, Alice Wright, Linda Jones, Emma Gunter, Hannah F. Dewhurst, Anna Fouracres, Liz Farrington, Lyn Graves, Suzie Marriott, Marina Leoni, David Tyrer, Kate Martin, Lola Dali-Kemmery, Victoria Lambourne, Marie Green, Dawn Sirdefield, Kelly Amor, Julie Colley, Bal Shinder, Jayne Jones, Marisa Mills, Mandy Carnahan, Natalie Taylor, Kerenza Boulton, Julie Tregonning, Carly Brown, Gayle Clifford, Emily Archer, Mária Hamilton, Janette Curtis, Tracey Shewan, Sue Walsh, Karen L. Warner, Kimberley Netherton, McDonald Mupudzi, Bridget Gunson, Jane Gitahi, Denise Gocher, Sally Batham, Hilary Pateman, Senayon Desmennu, Jill Conder, Darren Clement, Susan Gallagher, Jacky Orpe, PuiChing Chan, Lynn Currie, L O’Donohoe, Metod Oblak, Lisa Morgan, Marie Quinn, Isobel Amey, Yolanda Baird, Donna Cotterill, Lourdes Cumlat, Louise de Winter, Sandra Greer, Katie Spurdle, Joanna Allison, Simon Dyer, Helen Sweeting, Jean Kordula, Yoshihiro Aiba, Hitomi Nakamura, Seigo Abiru, Shinya Nagaoka, Atsumasa Komori, Hiroshi Yatsuhashi, Hiromi Ishibashi, Masahiro Ito, Yosuke Kawai, Seik-Soon Kohn, Olivier Gervais, Kiyoshi Migita, Shinji Katsushima, Atsushi Naganuma, Kazuhiro Sugi, Tatsuji Komatsu, Tomohiko Mannami, Kouki Matsushita, Kaname Yoshizawa, Fujio Makita, Toshiki Nikami, Hideo Nishimura, Hiroshi Kouno, Hirotaka Kouno, Hajime Ota, Takuya Komura, Yoko Nakamura, Masaaki Shimada, Noboru Hirashima, Toshiki Komeda, Keisuke Ario, Makoto Nakamuta, Tsutomu Yamashita, Kiyoshi Furuta, Masahiro Kikuchi, Noriaki Naeshiro, Hironao Takahashi, Yutaka Mano, Seiji Tsunematsu, Iwao Yabuuchi, Yusuke Shimada, Kazuhiko Yamauchi, Rie Sugimoto, Hironori Sakai, Eiji Mita, Masaharu Koda, Satoru Tsuruta, Hiroshi Kamitsukasa, Takeaki Sato, Naohiko Masaki, Tatsuro Kobata, Nobuyoshi Fukushima, Nobito Higuchi, Yukio Ohara, Toyokichi Muro, Eiichi Takesaki, Hitoshi Takaki, Tetsuo Yamamoto, Michio Kato, Yuko Nagaoki, Shigeki Hayashi, Jinya Ishida, Yukio Watanabe, Masakazu Kobayashi, Michiaki Koga, Takeo Saoshiro, Michiyasu Yagura, Keisuke Hirata, Hajime Takikawa, Hiromasa Ohira, Mikio Zeniya, Masanori Abe, Morikazu Onji, Shuichi Kaneko, Masao Honda, Kuniaki Arai, Teruko Arinaga‐Hino, Etsuko Hashimoto, Makiko Taniai, Takeji Umemura, Satoru Joshita, Kazuhiko Nakao, Tatsuki Ichikawa, Hidetaka Shibata, Satoshi Yamagiwa, Masataka Seike, Koichi Honda, Shotaro Sakisaka, Yasuaki Takeyama, Masaru Harada, Michio Senju, Osamu Yokosuka, Tatsuo Kanda, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Kentaro Kikuchi, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Takashi Himoto, Michio Yasunami, Kazumoto Murata, Masashi Mizokami, Shinji Shimoda, Yasuhiro Miyake, Akinobu Takaki, Kazuhide Yamamoto, Katsuji Hirano, Takafumi Ichida, Akio Ido, Hirohito Tsubouchi, Kazuaki Chayama, Kenichi Harada, Yasuni Nakanuma, Yoshihiko Maehara, Akinobu Taketomi, Ken Shirabe, Yuji Soejima, Akira Mori, Shintaro Yagi, Shinji Üemoto, Tomohiro Tanaka, Noriyo Yamashiki, Sumito Tamura, Yasuhiro Sugawara, Norihiro Kokudo, Marco Carbone, Giulia Cardamone, Stefano Duga, M. Eric Gershwin, Michael F. Seldin, Pietro Invernizzi
Bibliographic record
VenueGastroenterology · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicLiver Diseases and Immunity
Canadian institutionsMount Sinai HospitalLunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research InstituteToronto General HospitalUniversity of Toronto
FundersNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint FundJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceMedical Research CouncilAmerican Medical Association FoundationNational Institutes of HealthMinistero della SaluteAcademy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Health and Care ResearchNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaJapan Agency for Medical Research and Development
KeywordsGenetic architectureChromosomePrimary sclerosing cholangitisGastroenterologyBiologyGeneticsInternal medicineMedicineGeneDiseasePhenotype
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.092
Threshold uncertainty score0.212
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.224
Teacher spread0.216 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations52
Published2021
Admission routes1
Has abstractno