Characteristics of self-oscillating twin jets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study is focused on the behavior of self-oscillating twin jets emanating from round and square cross section nozzles into a narrow cavity. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are carried out in a confined rectangular cavity using the Reynolds stress turbulence model. Flow field characteristics are evaluated at nozzle spacing-to-diameter ratios (S/d) of 2, 3, 4, 5, at a jet Reynolds number of 27 000 based on nozzle exit velocity and diameter (d). Effects of nozzle spacing on the frequency of oscillation, mean velocity, vortex structure, and turbulence features are examined. For S/d up to four, the two jets merge downstream and oscillate as an equivalent single jet. At larger spacing, the two jets do not merge but oscillate separately between the sidewalls and cavity centerline. Comparison of round and square twin jets demonstrates that the nozzle shape does not significantly affect the jet decay. The turbulence intensity of twin jets shows higher values at the center of the cavity for S/d < 5 and around the centerline of each jet for S/d = 5. With increasing nozzle spacing, the Reynolds shear stress demonstrates that mixing increases in the inner shear layer region and the Reynolds shear stress values for S/d < 5 are lower than for S/d = 5. Twin oscillating jets produce higher spread and turbulence intensity over a wider area which may be beneficial for cooling of hot devices in industrial applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".