Transillumination breast spectroscopy (TiBS) as biomarker for breast cancer risk assessment.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1607 The amount of x-ray derived breast density is highly correlated with breast cancer risk, providing an odds ratio (OR) of 4 - 6 when comparing high versus low breast tissue density. Transillumination breast spectroscopy (TiBS) is a safe method that uses non-ionizing, visible near-infrared light to provide compositional and physiologic information of the breast. A study on 300 women with radiologically normal mammograms showed TiBS, as an intermediate biomarker for breast cancer risk, can identify women with high parenchymal density. Correlation between transillumination spectra and mammographic parenchymal density showed a sensitivity and specificity of classifying high versus low breast tissue density of 0.97. TiBS offers an alternative method to assess breast cancer risk. Interim analysis presented here of an ongoing study aims to determine the direct association between TiBS and the incidence of breast cancer. Subjects (mean age 53.4 y, age range 32 - 70 y) comprise women with confirmed unilateral breast cancer, ductal or loblar carcinoma in situ (DCIS or LCIS) (cases, n = 50), high- and low- risk benign conditions (e.g. atypical hyperplasia and dysplasia respectively, n = 85) and case-matched controls (n = 59). Case-control matching is based on age (+/- 2.5 years), date of screening mammogram (+/- up to 3 months), and screening center. Study data comprises of TiBS spectral data, anthropometric, risk factor, radiologic, pathologic and demographic information. For spectral collection, visible near infrared light (spectral range 576 - 1061 nm) from a 50W lamp is delivered to the breast tissue. Four quadrants per breast in the cranial-caudal axis are measured. A total of 8 measurements per subject are collected (a total of 4 for post-biopsy measurements). Light is detected on the opposite side of the breast in tissue up to 10 cm thick. No plate compression is required. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce mean-centered spectral data and generate principal components (px), which is representative of physiologic and morphologic tissue states, and their associated scalar coefficients (or t scores, tx). 5 principal components (p1 to p5) were identified accounting for 99.99% of the spectral variance seen in the dataset. Each subject has 5 t scores (t1 - t5) for each quadrant of the breast. Differences in t scores between malignant/pre-malignant cases and controls were detected for t4, t5 (p
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".