Effects of mannan oligosaccharide and synbiotic supplementation on growth performance and immune response of Gilthead Sea Bream ( <i>Sparus aurata</i> ) before and after thermal stress
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, the effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) and a commercial synbiotic (Biomin) supplemented diets on growth and survival performance of gilthead sea bream after eight weeks culture at 27ºC and then ten days at 34ºC were evaluated. Before heat stress, the Biomin supplemented diet significantly increased the number of red blood cells (RBC) and eosinophils of the fish. The MOS supplemented diet increased the haematocrit, haemoglobin, lymphocytes, white blood cells (WBC) and monocytes significantly. Total immunoglobulin was significantly higher in both supplemented diets in contrast to the control group. After thermal stress, experimental diets increased the monocyte counts, lysozyme, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of the fish significantly, also the lowest concentration of cortisol was observed in the fish fed with Biomin supplemented diet. Gene expression profile showed a significantly higher expression of innate immune genes (il-1β, ghr-1, tnf-α and igf-1) in fish fed with Biomin and MOS supplemented diets. However, after thermal challenge, inflammatory response was significantly lower the fish fed with the supplemented diets. According to our results, MOS and Biomin supplemented diets enhance the immune health status of the gilthead sea bream during thermal stress.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it