Spatial Ecology of White-Winged Scoters (Melanitta deglandi) in Eastern North America: A Multi-Year Perspective
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Satellite transmitters were used to describe migration patterns and establish connectivity among breeding and wintering areas for 30 White-winged Scoters (Melanitta deglandi) tagged in August 2010 or August 2012 during remigial molt in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada. Fourteen potential breeding sites were identified in the boreal forest from Quebec to the Northwest Territories, Canada. Most birds molted at marine sites, except for two females that molted close to their breeding areas and a male that molted in interior Manitoba. Most birds remained near their molting location during fall prior to migrating to their wintering area. Individuals tended to use similar fall migration routes from year to year. Most birds (81%) wintered in the Long Island-Nantucket-Cape Cod region along the eastern seaboard of the USA, while only three birds wintered in Canada. Scoters spent almost half the year on wintering areas, and 83% returned within 150 km of the previous year's site. Spring migration patterns depended on breeding status. Breeding birds covered an average of 6,880 km compared to 2,550 km by non-breeding birds during their annual cycle. The St. Lawrence Estuary in Quebec and the Long Island-Nantucket-Cape Cod region (New York state and Massachusetts) were areas particularly important for tagged birds.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it