Association of epicardial fat with noncalcified coronary plaque volume and with low attenuation plaque in people with HIV
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: People with HIV are exposed to a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with the general population. Epicardial fat may play a unique role in promoting coronary atherosclerosis. We measured epicardial fat in participants living with HIV and controls and investigated its association with coronary plaque volume and low attenuation plaque, a marker of plaque vulnerability. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study, nested in the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study, a large prospective cohort actively following participants with HIV and controls. Participants with low/intermediate cardiovascular risk without symptoms/history of CAD were invited to undergo cardiac computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Volume of epicardial fat, coronary plaque and low attenuation component of the plaque were measured. Association between epicardial fat, coronary plaque volume and low attenuation component was tested using adjusted regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 169 participants with HIV and 81 controls underwent cardiac CT. Participants with HIV had a greater epicardial fat volume compared with controls (P = 0.019). In participants with HIV, epicardial fat volume was positively associated with duration of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) (β=2.19, P = 0.004). After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, epicardial fat volume was positively associated to noncalcified plaque volume [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, P = 0.028] and to the low-attenuation plaque component portion (β=0.38, P = 0.026). CONCLUSION: The association of epicardial fat volume to noncalcified plaque volume and to low attenuation component plaque may suggest a potential mechanism by which epicardial fat could be a silent driver of CAD in the HIV population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".