The progress of ecological reconstruction and economic sustainable development in arid region
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ecological menaces are becoming the most serious ones in the world during global economic development in new century.Much progress had been made in international ecological reconstruction and in theories,means,techniques,successful experiences and measures of policy and management of economic sustainable development in arid regions since 1990.\;The motif of international ecological conference in 1995 was to sparkplug that the ecological ways of national economy.The ecological economic systems including of ecological agriculture,ecological industry,ecological tourist were established.\;In order to quicken course of ecological reconstruction and economic sustainasble development in arid region,researchers in many countries complemented a series of techniques of bio\|techniques,engineering and management early or late,such as free furrow and farmland covering techniques in American,ecological agricultural techniques in Argentina,crossed stockbreeding techniques in Mongolia,group fostering and seducing change techniques in Botswana and Zambia,buiding bio\|barrier techniques in India.\;The representative index systems of ecological reconstruction and economic sustainable development were index systems of ecological reconstruction and stable development,evaluating appraisal of ecological reconstruction,natural ecological load of ecological reconstruction and class of ecological intension of ecolgical reconstruction.\;Intensify ecological forecast and constructed inspecting systems has been initiated in advance of ecological safety.The research of ecological forecast was implemented firstly in Russia;occident countries did it from different aspects.Basing on ecological forecast,many countries constructed different kinds of characteristic inspecting systems in advance of ecological safety,the main works were inspecting measurement of ecological state,inspecting control of ecosystem of nature effect and man\|made,inspecting control of extraordinary ecological condition,inspecting measurement of resource safety and inspecting measurement of physical basic sciences.\;New ways of ecological reconstruction and economic sustainable development comprehensively were adopted.The modern means of science and technology,such as GIS,aptitude techniques,DSS,and so on were applied into the practice of ecological reconstruction and economic sustainable development.New study ways,such as method of terrestrial ecological analysis,terrestrial ecological zonation,ecological stress map,ecological gerographical appraisal,ecological safe degree,ecological instable index were brought into play of ecological reconstruction and ecological safety.\;To research national geographical orientation of eological safety and contituted national exterior stratagem of ecological safety was carried out.Geographical orientation of ecological safety depended on internal and external factor,and the external factors was more important.The geographical orientation of ecological safety was effected by ambience.The research was mainly to analyses the regional ecological function in the global ecosystem,stability of natural environment affected by human activities,the space distribution of population,matter,culture,rare natural sights,ecological sources from outside of the country or region and natural and man\|made diffusive ways of ecological calamity,and to constitute scientific national exterior stratagem of ecological safety.\;In order to decrease the ecological menace,U.N.and many governments constituted kinds of ecological reconstruction organizations took reconstruction measures to relieve the harm that ecological menaces affected people health,regarded ecological reconstruction as government activity and were implemented by government designedly.Such as GEMS,GOOS,GCOS,the ecological safe center of academy of sciences in Russia,the research network of ecosystem in America,Britiain,Canada and Germany were established.\;Many countries and areas had taken distinct accomplishment in ecological reconstruction and accumulated some experiences and lessons by making
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".