Manganese dioxide-induced permeability reduction of porous media during permangnate oxidation of chlorinated alkenes.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reduction in hydraulic conductivity due to manganese dioxide precipitation has been identified as a potential limitation for practical application of in-situ permanganate oxidation remediation technology. The objective of the present research is to quantify the reduction in permeability due to manganese dioxide precipitation. One-dimensional column experiments were performed using medium grain size silica sand to determine hydraulic conductivity reduction as a function of hydraulic gradient and amount of manganese dioxide. Complete plugging of the sand packs was observed at hydraulic gradients near unity within four to eight days of testing. Calculated manganese dioxide concentrations of approximately 0.02 g per cubic centimetre of sand caused complete plugging at hydraulic gradients near unity. The hydraulic conductivity values were highly dependent on hydraulic gradient, where the reduction in hydraulic conductivity was lower for higher gradients. At low hydraulic gradients, the reduction in hydraulic conductivity exceeds predicted reductions using functional equations developed for colloid transport reported in literature. Observed hydraulic conductivity reduction is consistent with published behaviour for plugging of porous media by colloids, which indicates that manganese dioxide precipitation is a colloid transport phenomena.Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2001 .R36. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-03, page: 0763. Adviser: Stanley Reitsma. Thesis (M.A.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2001.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".