Importance of Ultrasound Imaging in Pheochromocytoma in a Child: Case Report and Review of Literature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors, originating from adrenal medulla (80-90%), diagnosed at 0.1% of cases with hypertension. Not very rare (40%), diagnosis can be insidious during ultrasound imaging (US) for a non-specific complaint. We are presenting a 13 years old boy who had suffered from non-specific headache without hypertension and any of autonomic disorders, diagnosed by increased urine catecholamine after a mass seen in US. A 13 years old boy has admitted to emergency with blood pressure measurement of 160/110 mmHg. He had severe headache for 18 months without hypertension. In physical exam, hypertension, tachycardia, tremor, and Marfanoid morphology were found. Ultrasound revealed an incidental mass of 33 ? 68 mm, with increased vascularization, on pre- and para-aortic sides. Urinary catecholamine and metabolites were grossly elevated. Iodine-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy also showed the heterogeneous mass located in the right para-aortic region, neighboring the liver. Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine-producing tumor, and has life-threatening consequences. Clinical manifestations can be non-specific. It can be easily diagnosed if it is suspected or screened by US. Here we want to emphasize that such an easy and cheap method (screening by US) can lead us to know earlier this high complicated and incidental disease. Int J Clin Pediatr. 2013;2(2):78-82 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/ijcp122e
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".