Sodium recovery from crystallization waste of <scp>Bayer</scp> liquor in alumina beneficiation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The residue generated in the crystallization stage of the Bayer process to obtain alumina may be used for sodium recovery. The addition of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) to the residues of the Bayer process may become an alternative study for recovering the caustic soda (NaOH) inserted in the process, so the objective of this work is to utilize the causticization technique in a real residue obtained from the crystallization step of the Bayer liquor. The residue characterized presented 13% Al, so this indicated that there were losses of this element in the Bayer process. Also, the presence of Na 2 C 2 O 4 , Na 2 CO 3 , and NaAlO 2 were observed. The total sodium recovery was 87%, and the best condition for causticization to occur was in the use of a 1:1 molar ratio (Na 2 C 2 O 4 and Ca(OH) 2 ), during 6 h of reaction, and at 80°C, with the conversion of 96% of the organic carbons present in the solution. The causticization was effective in separating sodium from residue in the removal of oxalates, organics, and aluminium, and it provided a reaction that separated oxalates and carbonates that are harmful to the aluminium obtaining process.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it