Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as progressive thoracic myelopathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 51-year-old man had a 4-month history of back pain and progressive leg weakness. The back pain was on the left side, radiating down his left buttock and leg to the dorsum of the foot. He had gradually developed bilateral leg weakness with a right foot drop such that he required a four-wheeled walker. There was accompanying left anterior thigh numbness and saddle anaesthesia, together with urinary urgency and one episode of faecal incontinence. He had been previously well, though 13 years before had sustained a non-specific back injury in a motor vehicle collision that did not require surgical intervention. On examination, there were lower limb hyperreflexia, patchy sensory loss in all modalities in both legs, a positive Beevor’s sign (upward movement of the umbilicus with attempted neck flexion due to weakness of the lower rectus abdominis)1 and absent rectal tone. Muscle strength was normal in the upper limbs, but 2/5 bilaterally in hip flexion, 4/5 bilaterally in knee flexion and extension, and 4–/5 …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".