Handgrip Strength Could Be an Early Predictor of Cognitive Impairment in the Chinese Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the level and changes of handgrip strength in pre-clinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD participates, and to evaluate the association between handgrip strength and cognitive function.Methods1431 participants from the memory clinic of Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital and community were enrolled into the final analysis, included 596 AD, 288 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 547 normal individuals (NC). All participants received a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE), montreal cognitive assessment-Basic (MoCA-BC), and the Chinese version of the Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination (ACE-III-CV) were used as cognitive tests. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to assess the power of the handgrip strength as a screening measure to discriminate AD and MCI.ResultsThe results showed that participants with lower handgrip strength had lower MMSE, MoCA-BC, and ACE-III-CV scores (P <0.05). Handgrip strength in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group was significantly lower than that of normal individuals (NC), and the AD group had a further decline (both P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression was performed with the handgrip strength quartiles, the results showed ORs of AD for increasing levels of handgrip strength were 1.00, 0.58 (0.46–0.78), 0.51 (0.36–0.73), and 0.50 (0.35–0.68), showing a decreasing trend (Pfor trend < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that the handgrip strength cut-off points for identification of AD were16.8 kg and 20.7 kg among the female participates above and under 70 yrs, 24.4 kg and 33.3 kg for the male participates above and under 70 yrs, respectively.ConclusionsStronger handgrip strength was associated with better performances on cognitive function, handgrip strength could be an early predictor of cognitive impairment in the Chinese population. The current study provides a foundation for non-cognitive features as early predictors of cognitive impairment, researches on the association between frailty and cognition will be further developed in the future.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".