Etiologies of Liver Cirrhosis and Their Clinical Presentation among Inpatients in Medical City Complex - Baghdad Teaching Hospital
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Liver cirrhosis is one of common diseases that doctors deal with during working days, so it is important for all doctors to have a basic knowledge about its etiologies, clinical presentations, complications and prognosis. AIM OF THE STUDY: 1) To detect the most common causes of liver cirrhosis among Iraqi patients. 2) To Find the most common clinical presentations and look for any association between them and a particular etiology. 3) To make recommendations regarding screening for the most common etiology among population and deal with it and treat it early prior to development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. PATIENT & METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to January 2019. 1000 patients were enrolled in the current study and followed at medical wards at Baghdad teaching hospital, taking detailed history from them including history of alcohol intake, drug history, etc... and sending them for complete work up including Abdominal US, virology screening, autoimmune, Wilson, iron study etc... and calculating Child - Pugh score for each patient. RESULTS: 1) The most common causes of liver cirrhosis are alcoholic liver disease (20%) and HCV (20%) followed by HBV (18%), NAFLD (14%), cryptogenic (14%), AIH (6%), Wilson (4%), PBC (4%). 2) the most common presentation of liver cirrhosis from all causes are ascites (38%) and encephalopathy (38%). followed by bleeding varices (21%), jaundice (11%). 3) HCV was associated significantly with Encephalopathy, NAFLD significantly associated with bleeding varices, Cryptogenic significantly associated with ascites, Wilson disease and PBC significantly associated with jaundice. CONCLUSIONS: HCV and alcoholism are so common among Iraqi patients with liver cirrhosis, while NAFLD cases are commonly related to diabetes mellitus and obesity. Ascites and encephalopathy are the most common presentation at medical wards from all causes of liver cirrhosis. Most cases of liver cirrhosis due to HCV are within middle and elderly. While Wilson disease should be kept at the top of differential diagnosis of liver cirrhosis among young individuals as it is significantly related to young age group. Cryptogenic cases of liver cirrhosis need aggressive work up and screening for uncommon causes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".