Metallogeny and characterization of late cretaceous superimposed porphyry Cu-Au-Mo and epithermal Au-Ag systems in the Dawson Range, Yukon, Canada: case study on the Klaza deposit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Dawson Range Gold Belt (DRGB; Yukon’s richest mineral district by resource) lies \nin the Yukon segment of the North American Cordillera and is dominated by Late Cretaceous \n(77–74 Ma) porphyry-epithermal systems. Mineral occurrences in the DRGB have seen limited \nexploration due to: (1) poor surface exposure; (2) incoherent classification of intrusive rocks; and \n(3) outdated exploration models. \nA multidisciplinary study utilizing: (1) field observations (drill core logging and \nmapping); (2) geochronology (U-Pb in zircon by LA-ICP-MS and CA-TIMS; Ar-Ar in \nmuscovite; Re-Os in molybdenite); (3) whole-rock geochemistry; (4) zircon trace element \ngeochemistry; (5) petrography (SEM-EDS, optical microscopy); and sulfide mineral \ngeochemistry (LA-ICP-MS element maps) is designed to address the above challenges through a \ndetailed investigation on the well-preserved Klaza deposit using 2011-2020 drilling data. \nResults suggest the presence of six intrusive phases of mafic to intermediate \ncompositions. Intrusive activity occurs in four pulses spanning the Late Triassic to the Late \nCretaceous. The Late Cretaceous magmatic pulse is protracted (80–65 Ma) and displays timedependant compositional changes. The youngest plutonic suites: (1) display enrichments in \nLREEs relative to the older suites; (2) are related to garnet-bearing sources (depleted HREEs, \nhigh La/Yb); (3) are hydrous (presence of hornblende-biotite); and (4) reflect a dynamic magma \nchamber (magma mixing textures). \nTwo clusters of hydrothermal ages are constrained (ca. 77 Ma and ca. 71 Ma), correlating \nwith Casino suite and Prospector Mt. suite magmatism, respectively. Higher temperature A-, B-and EDM-like veins are related to the 77 Ma event and cut by fault-veins related to the 71 Ma \nevent. The fault-veins consist of four stages. Gold is hosted in early (Stage 2a, 2b) arsenopyrite \nand pyrite lattices and later liberated through late (Stage 2d) Copper-bearing fluids, whereas \nsilver occurs later (Stage 2c) as native silver and sulfosalts. \nThe Klaza system is best described as a porphyry-related intermediate sulfidation \nepithermal deposit superimposed on an older, unrelated porphyry system. Similar observations of \nspatial-temporal overprinting are documented throughout the DRGB (e.g., Casino deposit and \nFreegold Mt. district), suggesting these Late Cretaceous porphyry systems are linked to a fertile \nmetallogenic event spanning 15 million years. This study is the first detailed characterization of \nLate Cretaceous porphyry systems in the DRGB and presents the first use of machine learning assisted paragenetic study of sulfide minerals for exploration and improving ore body \nknowledge.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".