Life history variation in Arctic charr (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>) and the effects of diet and migration on the growth, condition, and body morphology of two Arctic charr populations in Cumberland Sound, Nunavut, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758)) are phenotypically plastic with multiple dietary–morphological relationships observed throughout their circumpolar range. Feeding strategies often differ between Arctic charr life histories and can impact size-at-age and morphological attributes. We examined growth, condition, and body morphology for two High Arctic populations of Arctic charr with anadromous and landlocked life histories. Anadromous Arctic charr had higher growth rates, achieving mean lengths two times those of landlocked Arctic charr by age 10 and had higher overall condition, particularly in the fall. Ontogenetic shifts in diet were suspected in both populations, with an abrupt shift to marine feeding in the anadromous population and a gradual shift to piscivory in the landlocked population. Morphological differences between life histories manifested most predominantly in larger eye diameter, longer pectoral and pelvic fins, and longer upper jaws of landlocked Arctic charr, suggestive of piscivorous feeding specialization of landlocked fish >350 mm. Our findings emphasize the benefits that marine feeding can have for growth and condition of freshwater fishes in Arctic environments and also convey the necessity of adaptive feeding strategies to optimize growth and condition in fishes inhabiting low-production lacustrine habitats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".