The impacts of permafrost thaw and social changes on bakeapple picking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Air temperatures are increasing at a faster rate at northern latitudes compared to the global average and consequently, the extent of permafrost has been reduced with impacts on the traditional land based livelihoods of Indigenous communities in the Arctic and Subarctic. Communities are responding to the physical and biological impacts of permafrost thaw amidst ongoing social, economic and political changes. This thesis examines the impacts of permafrost thaw and related social changes on traditional land based livelihoods through the lens of bakeapple berry picking, drawing upon a case study from the community of Cartwright, Labrador. Mixed methods including interviews (n=18), a focus group, participant observation, field surveys (n=62) and analysis of satellite imagery and historical weather data are used to: i) document and characterize ecological changes that are impacting the growth of bakeapples, ii) identify how these changes are affecting communities and how they are responding, and iii) identify and assess social, economic, and political changes that affect how community members interact with and respond to changing conditions. Key findings include that the extent of palsa permafrost features have decreased, and surface water and vegetation have increased over a 12-year period, in a permafrost associated peatland in Cartwright, with likely impacts on the abundance and fragmentation of bakeapple patches. While bakeapple pickers experience changes in seasonality, vegetation growth, and surface moisture at their bakeapple picking grounds, the largest concern of bakeapple pickers is that fewer young families have the capacity to visit the bakeapple picking grounds and to harvest bakeapples. This thesis contributes to the growing literature on how Indigenous communities are being affected by climate change, bringing attention to an understudied region.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".