Consumption of sugar‐sweetened and artificially sweetened beverages and breast cancer survival
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background The activation of insulin pathways is hypothesized to promote tumor growth and worsen breast cancer survival. Sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) can lead to a higher risk of insulin resistance and may affect survival. The authors prospectively evaluated the relation of postdiagnostic SSB and artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) consumption with mortality among women with breast cancer. Methods In total, 8863 women with stage I through III breast cancer were identified during follow‐up of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1980‐2010) and Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII; 1991‐2011). Women completed a validated food frequency questionnaire every 4 years after diagnosis and were followed until death or the end of follow‐up (2014 for the NHS and 2015 for the NHSII). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer‐specific and all‐cause mortality after adjusting for measures of adiposity and other potential predictors of cancer survival. Results With a median follow‐up of 11.5 years, 2482 deaths were prospectively documented, including 1050 deaths from breast cancer. Compared with women who had no consumption, women who had SSB consumption after diagnosis had higher breast cancer‐specific mortality (>1 to 3 servings per week: HR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.09‐1.58]; >3 servings per week: HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.12‐1.62]; P trend = .001) and all‐cause mortality (>1 to 3 servings per week: HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.07‐1.37]; >3 servings per week: HR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.13‐1.45]; P trend = .0001). In contrast, ASB consumption was not associated with higher breast cancer‐specific or all‐cause mortality. Furthermore, replacing 1 serving per day of SSB consumption with 1 serving per day of ASB consumption was not associated with a lower risk of mortality. Conclusions Higher postdiagnostic SSB consumption among breast cancer survivors was associated with higher breast cancer‐specific mortality and death from all causes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".