Bibliographic record
Abstract
In May of 337 C.E Constantine the Great fell ill and died while preparing for a campaign against Persia. Due to his imminent death, Constantine asked to receive baptism in Nicomedia instead of where he originally desired - the Jordan River. His desire But Constantine’s desire to be baptised in the River Jordan receives little attention from Eusebius in the Vita Constantini and from modern scholars alike. Traditionally, many scholars view Constantine’s late baptism as evidence of his insincere affiliation with Christianity whereas it is now clear that he wished to defer baptism so he could die free from sin. The recent re-dating of the Greek poet Palladas, by Kevin Wilkinson, to the reign of Constantine casts Constantine in a much different light than the religiously moderate leader many want to see him as. Not only did he hold a sincere belief in Christianity, but acted as a benefactor to the church, promoted the spread of Christianity while marginalizing paganism, and founded a Christian capital in the East. Constantine also sent a letter to Shapur II praising the Christian Persians under his rule. His potential baptism in the Jordan River, presumably before his campaign, is an extremely odd and Messianic act – one which was never repeated afterwards by an emperor. It is clear this war was intended to be a crusade led by a zealous Christian emperor. This was not a moderate emperor who laid the foundations for the Christian Empire to flourish but rather an extreme outlier among the tradition of Christian emperors.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".