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Constraints on black-hole charges with the 2017 EHT observations of M87*
Prashant Kocherlakota, Luciano Rezzolla, H. Falcke, Christian M. Fromm, M. Krämer, Yosuke Mizuno, Antonios Nathanail, Héctor Olivares, Ziri Younsi, Kazunori Akiyama, W. Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Baloković, John Barrett, B. A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, R. Blundell, W. Boland, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, S. Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguière, Thomas Bronzwaer, Do‐Young Byun, J. E. Carlstrom, Andrew Chael, Chi‐kwan Chan, Shami Chatterjee, Koushik Chatterjee, Ming‐Tang Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Paul M. Chesler, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, J. E. Conway, J. M. Cordes, T. M. Crawford, G. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, G. Desvignes, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Ralph P. Eatough, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, Per Friberg, H. Alyson Ford, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto García, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, C. Goddi, Roman Gold, José L. Gómez, Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, M. H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Luis C. Ho, Paul T. P. Ho, Mareki Honma, Lei Huang, D. H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michaël Janssen, Britton Jeter, Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, R. Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, C. Krämer, T. P. Krichbaum, Cheng‐Yu Kuo, Tod R. Lauer, Sang-Sung Lee, Aviad Levis, Yanrong Li, M. Lindqvist, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, A. P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, C. J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Nicholas R. MacDonald, J. Mao, N. Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, I. Martí‐Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, K. M. Menten, Izumi Mizuno, J. M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Mościbrodzka, Cornelia Müller, Gibwa Musoke, Alejandro Mus, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Joseph Neilsen, R. Neri, Chunchong Ni, A. Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Hiroki Okino, Gisela N. Ortiz-León, Tomoaki Oyama, Feryal Özel, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Jongho Park, Nimesh Patel, Ue‐Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Piétu, R. L. Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Pötzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-López, Dimitrios Psaltis, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, A. E. E. Rogers, E. Ros, Mel Rose, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, A. L. Roy, Chet Ruszczyk, K. L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sánchez, David Sánchez-Argüelles, Mahito Sasada, T. Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, K. Schüster, Lijing Shao, Zhi-Qiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason Soohoo, He Sun, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, R. P. J. Tilanus, Michael S. Titus, Kenji Toma, Pablo Torné, Tyler Trent, Efthalia Traianou, Sascha Trippe, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jan Wagner, D. Ward–Thompson, J. F. C. Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Doosoo Yoon, André Young, Ken Young, Ye‐Fei Yuan, Ye‐Fei Yuan, J. A. Zensus, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicPulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Canadian institutionsCanadian Institute for Theoretical AstrophysicsUniversity of TorontoPerimeter InstituteUniversity of WaterlooCanadian Institute for Advanced ResearchMcGill University
FundersKey Research Program of Frontier Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesFondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y TecnológicoAstrophysics DivisionOffice of International Science and EngineeringNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceNational Nuclear Security AdministrationToray Science FoundationEast Asian Core Observatories AssociationInstitut Périmètre de physique théoriqueAgencia Nacional de Investigación y DesarrolloInstituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y ElectrónicaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareInternational Max Planck Research School for Advanced Methods in Process and Systems EngineeringNational Astronomical Observatory of JapanMinistry of Science and Technology, TaiwanHorizon 2020 Framework ProgrammeVetenskapsrådetCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueAcademy of FinlandMax-Planck-GesellschaftNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Research Foundation of KoreaMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesNuclear Safety and Security CommissionOntario Ministry of Research, Innovation and ScienceGeneralitat ValencianaNational Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science FoundationInstituto de Astrofísica de AndalucíaNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekChinese Academy of SciencesEuropean Regional Centre for EcohydrologyAcademia SinicaJunta de AndalucíaUniversiteit van AmsterdamNational Radio Astronomy ObservatoryEuropean CommissionLeverhulme TrustNational Institutes of Natural SciencesGovernment of CanadaFlatiron HealthConsejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Junta de AndalucíaLos Alamos National LaboratoryNational Research Council CanadaDepartment of Science and Innovation, South AfricaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PadovaKorea Astronomy and Space Science InstituteScience and Technology Facilities CouncilUniversiteit LeidenAssociated UniversitiesSpace Telescope Science InstituteStrongRadboud UniversiteitNational Research FoundationIndonesia Toray Science FoundationDirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasUniversity of ChicagoU.S. Department of EnergyInternational Max Planck Research School for Environmental, Cellular and Molecular MicrobiologySmithsonian InstitutionArmy Research OfficeKavli FoundationNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaEuropean Southern ObservatoryChina Scholarship CouncilJohn Templeton FoundationMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyHarvard UniversityUniversity of Massachusetts BostonCompute CanadaSimons FoundationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationH2020 European Research CouncilGordon and Betty Moore FoundationUniversity of ArizonaAlexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
KeywordsPhysicsSupermassive black holeBlack hole (networking)DilatonEvent horizonShadow (psychology)Charged black holeHorizonAstrophysicsTheoretical physicsExtremal black holeEvent (particle physics)AstronomyGalaxy
Abstract
Our understanding of strong gravity near supermassive compact objects has recently improved thanks to the measurements made by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). We use here the M87* shadow size to infer constraints on the physical charges of a large variety of nonrotating or rotating black holes. For example, we show that the quality of the measurements is already sufficient to rule out that M87* is a highly charged dilaton black hole. Similarly, when considering black holes with two physical and independent charges, we are able to exclude considerable regions of the space of parameters for the doubly-charged dilaton and the Sen black holes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.004
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.011
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.463
Teacher spread0.425 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations331
Published2021
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes