Temperature compensated differential acoustic sensor for CO <sub>2</sub> sensing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Temperature must be accounted for in order to provide accurate measurements in acoustic wave resonator based gas sensors. We present a flexible printed flexural plate wave (FPW) sensor for CO 2 monitoring employing temperature compensation. The FPW sensor is based on a differential interdigitated transducers (IDTs) structure consisting of an input IDT and two identical output IDTs with same distance from the input IDT. Among the two outputs of the differential structure, one is sensitive to the target gas CO 2 and the other one is insensitive to the target gas. The difference between the two output signals’ resonant frequencies is considered as the sensor’s differential response. Experiments at 25 ∘ C and 45 ∘ C show that the sensor’s differential response changes linearly with CO 2 concentration over 20–3000 ppm range. The differential responses at both temperatures are very similar showing the ability of the sensor’s structure to compensate for the temperature change. Sensitivity and limit of detection for CO 2 sensing are measured to be 543 Hz ppm −1 and 5.6 ppm, respectively. Further, the sensor shows good repeatability and low hysteresis. Sensor’s responses are mostly measured by measuring the scattering parameter, forward transmission (S 21 ) between each output IDT and input IDT of the sensor in frequency domain. In the last section, a prototype time domain measurement system is demonstrated to show the feasibility of the time domain measurements with the sensors. The sensor with the potential to be printed with roll-to-roll printing can be a good candidate for CO 2 monitoring where temperature varies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".