Single-institution retrospective review of elective and emergency embolization of renal angiomyolipoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the size reduction and complications after transcatheter embolization of renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs). METHODS: Cases from a single tertiary center were analyzed retrospectively. A blinded radiologist provided measurements of AMLs using a combination of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Electronic clinical notes, radiographic imaging, and laboratory data were reviewed. RESULTS: , and coils. The median diameter size of AMLs was 8.6 cm pre-procedure and 6.0 cm post-procedure. The median volume of AMLs was 200 cc pre-procedure and 67 cc post-procedure, with a median reduction in volume of 55%. One case (4.8%) had a re-embolization and three cases (14.3%) proceeded with surgical management of the AML. No cases re-presented with bleeding. Post-embolization syndrome is common. Renal arterial dissection and renal abscess are infrequent complications (9% and 4.5%, respectively). There was no treatment-based mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Embolization for renal AMLs is an established, safe, and effective method of treatment and our series further supports that. Determining when to intervene and how long to follow up patients is an issue that has not been well-described; more research needs to be done in this area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".