Alpha particle rates and heavy metal concentrations in cosmetics available in the Najaf markets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study focuses to measure the emission of alpha particle rates (EAPR) and heavy metal concentrations (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Co) (HMC) in some cosmetics (kohl eye, compact powder, and lipsticks) from Najaf markets using CR39 Detectors and Spectrophotometry, respectively. The EAPR range from 0.0068 to 0.0499 mBq cm−2. The mean concentration of HMC in cosmetics ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0339 ppm (Cd), 0.0002–0.0986 ppm (Pb), 0.0350–9.7786 ppm (Zn), 0.0001–0.0058 ppm (Cr), 0.0011–0.1510 ppm (Co). The concentrations of Cr and Co were below the recommended limit for skin protection (1 ppm), whereas Cd and Pb were below the Canadian recommended limit. This study concludes that the HMC and EAPR in the cosmetics were within the recommended limits. The mean HMC contents were arranged in the order: Zn > Pb > Cd > Co > Cr for lipsticks; Zn > Co > Pb > Cd > Cr for powder; Zn > Co > Pb > Cd > Cr for Kohl. A statistically significant correlation (SSC) between HMC and EAPR in cosmetics was found at the 0.05 level. All the various cosmetics brands that contained HMC levels were lower than EPA limits (1 ppm and 0.3ppm, respectively), except the Zn. The cumulative exposure to HMC in cosmetics because of prolonged use is a possible source of HMC toxicity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".